1 Jacob Blesses His Sons Then Jacob called for his sons and said: “Gather around so I can tell you what will happen to you in days to come.2 “Assemble and listen, sons of Jacob; listen to your father Israel.3 “Reuben, you are my firstborn, my might, the first sign of my strength, excelling in honor, excelling in power.4 Turbulent as the waters, you will no longer excel, for you went up onto your father’s bed, onto my couch and defiled it.5 “Simeon and Levi are brothers— their swords 49:5 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain. are weapons of violence.6 Let me not enter their council, let me not join their assembly, for they have killed men in their anger and hamstrung oxen as they pleased.7 Cursed be their anger, so fierce, and their fury, so cruel! I will scatter them in Jacob and disperse them in Israel.8 “Judah, 49:8 Judah sounds like and may be derived from the Hebrew for praise. your brothers will praise you; your hand will be on the neck of your enemies; your father’s sons will bow down to you.9 You are a lion’s cub, Judah; you return from the prey, my son. Like a lion he crouches and lies down, like a lioness—who dares to rouse him?10 The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet, 49:10 Or from his descendants until he to whom it belongs 49:10 Or to whom tribute belongs; the meaning of the Hebrew for this phrase is uncertain. shall come and the obedience of the nations shall be his.11 He will tether his donkey to a vine, his colt to the choicest branch; he will wash his garments in wine, his robes in the blood of grapes.12 His eyes will be darker than wine, his teeth whiter than milk. 49:12 Or will be dull from wine, / his teeth white from milk 13 “Zebulun will live by the seashore and become a haven for ships; his border will extend toward Sidon.14 “Issachar is a rawboned 49:14 Or strong donkey lying down among the sheep pens. 49:14 Or the campfires; or the saddlebags 15 When he sees how good is his resting place and how pleasant is his land, he will bend his shoulder to the burden and submit to forced labor.16 “Dan 49:16 Dan here means he provides justice. will provide justice for his people as one of the tribes of Israel.17 Dan will be a snake by the roadside, a viper along the path, that bites the horse’s heels so that its rider tumbles backward.18 “I look for your deliverance, Lord.19 “Gad 49:19 Gad sounds like the Hebrew for attack and also for band of raiders. will be attacked by a band of raiders, but he will attack them at their heels.20 “Asher’s food will be rich; he will provide delicacies fit for a king.21 “Naphtali is a doe set free that bears beautiful fawns. 49:21 Or free; / he utters beautiful words 22 “Joseph is a fruitful vine, a fruitful vine near a spring, whose branches climb over a wall. 49:22 Or Joseph is a wild colt, / a wild colt near a spring, / a wild donkey on a terraced hill 23 With bitterness archers attacked him; they shot at him with hostility.24 But his bow remained steady, his strong arms stayed 49:23,24 Or archers will attack… will shoot… will remain… will stay limber, because of the hand of the Mighty One of Jacob, because of the Shepherd, the Rock of Israel,25 because of your father’s God, who helps you, because of the Almighty, 49:25 Hebrew Shaddai who blesses you with blessings of the skies above, blessings of the deep springs below, blessings of the breast and womb.26 Your father’s blessings are greater than the blessings of the ancient mountains, than 49:26 Or of my progenitors, / as great as the bounty of the age-old hills. Let all these rest on the head of Joseph, on the brow of the prince among 49:26 Or of the one separated from his brothers.27 “Benjamin is a ravenous wolf; in the morning he devours the prey, in the evening he divides the plunder.”28 All these are the twelve tribes of Israel, and this is what their father said to them when he blessed them, giving each the blessing appropriate to him. The Death of Jacob 29 Then he gave them these instructions: “I am about to be gathered to my people. Bury me with my fathers in the cave in the field of Ephron the Hittite,30 the cave in the field of Machpelah, near Mamre in Canaan, which Abraham bought along with the field as a burial place from Ephron the Hittite.31 There Abraham and his wife Sarah were buried, there Isaac and his wife Rebekah were buried, and there I buried Leah.32 The field and the cave in it were bought from the Hittites. 49:32 Or the descendants of Heth ”33 When Jacob had finished giving instructions to his sons, he drew his feet up into the bed, breathed his last and was gathered to his people.